Chapter 18: Speciation
- What is divergence?
- What is the cause of divergence?
- Divergence can lead to _____.
- What is meant by an ancestral population?
- According to the biological species concept, species are _____.
- According to the morphospecies concept, species are _____.
- According to the phylogenetic species concept, species are _____.
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of the biological species concept?
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of the morphospecies concept?
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of the phylogenetic species concept?
- What is an assumption of the morphospecies concept?
- If you are a bird watcher, which species concept do you employ?
- If you are a paleontologist, which species concept do you employ?
- If you are a bacteriologist, which species concept do you employ?
- If you are a conservation biologist, which species concept do you employ?
- What is a monophyletic group?
- What is a synapomorphy?
- How does a synapomorphy relate to a monophyletic group?
- What is the phylogenetic species concept based on?
- What is the smallest monophyletic group recognized by the phylogenetic species concept?
- Which species concept allowed us to determine that there are actually three extant species of elephants: the Asian, the African Savanna, and the African forest? Which concept of species is violated by this finding? Which is supported?
- How are subspecies different than species? How are subspecies different than populations?
- What is the difference between dispersal and vicariance? Be able to give examples of both.
- What is the difference between allopatric and sympatric speciation?
- What are the mechanisms of allopatric speciation?
- How is sympatric speciation possible? Be able to give an example.
- What is polyploidy?
- What does 4n mean? 3n? 2n?
- What type of organisms is polyploidy commonly found?
- How can polyploidy cause rapid speciation?
- Why can’t diploids mate with tetraploids? How are they reproductively isolated?
- Why can’t mules produce viable offspring?
- How did they make seedless watermelons?
- What is the difference between autopolyploidy and allopolyploidy?
- The gametes of a diploid are _____. The gametes of a tetraploid are ____.
- Why are plants commonly polyploids?
- What happens when isolated populations come into contact?
- What can happen in a hybrid zone?
