Study Guide

Chapter 12: Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

1. Why is meiosis so important for life on Earth?
2. What is the definition of a gene?
3. How many alleles does a gene have?
4. What is an allele?
5. What is a karyotype?
6. What is the difference between a diploid and a haploid cell?
7. What are homologous chromosomes?
8. What is a tetrad?
9. What are gametes? Are the diploid or haploid?
10. Does sperm or egg determine the sex of an organism?
11. How many chromosomes does a human have?
12. How many chromosomes did you get from each parent?
13. What is a sex chromosome?
14. What are the differences between Meiosis I and Meiosis II?
15. What is a homolog?
16. What are sister chromatids?
17. What are daughter chromosomes?
18. What is the end product of meiosis?
19. What is fertilization? What is the end product of fertilization called?
20. In which phase of meiosis do the chromosomes condense?
21. In which phase of meiosis does the spindle apparatus form?
22. In which phase of meiosis do the homologs combine into a tetrad?
23. In which phase of meiosis are 2 non-sister chromatids forms?
24. In which phase of meiosis do the non-sister chromatids separate?
25. In which phase of meiosis does crossing over happen?
26. In which phase of meiosis do the tetrads line up?
27. In which phase of meiosis do the paired homologs separate and migrate to opposite ends of the cell?
28. In which phase of meiosis do the spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of each sister chromatid?
29. In which phase of meiosis do the replicated chromosomes line up?
30. In which phase of meiosis do the sister chromatids separate?
31. In which phase of meiosis do the daughter chromosomes move to opposites sides of the cell?
32. In which phase of meiosis does the nuclear envelope begin to reappear around the daughter cells?
33. Name three differences between meiosis and mitosis.
34. What is crossing over?
35. What are recombinant chromosomes?