Chapter 5: Transcription and Translation
- What is transcription?
- What is translation?
- What goes into transcription? What comes out?
- What goes into translation? What comes out?
- What is a template strand? A coding strand?
- What direction is mRNA formed?
- What are the fundamental units of RNA known as? How are they different from the fundamental units of DNA?
- What are the bonds between RNA called?
- What enzyme synthesizes mRNA.
- Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase does not require a ___________ before transcription.
- How many RNA polymerases do Bacteria have? Eukaryotes?
- What is a sigma? How is it related to the RNA polymerase?
- What is required for transcription to begin?
- Why are the several different types of sigma?
- There are 5 steps of the initiation of transcription. What are they (in order)?
- What enzyme is working during the elongation phase of transcription?
- How does the termination phase of transcription occur?
- How is the RNA process different in eukaryotes vs. bacteria?
- What is pre-mRNA? What needs to be changed for it to be a functional molecule?
- What is an exon? Intron?
- What is RNA splicing? Does it happen in bacteria?
- Which are removed from pre-mRNA: introns or exons?
- How is translation at the ribosomes different for bacterial and eukaryotes?
- What is tRNA? What does it do? How is it different than mRNA?
- And is an anticodon? Where are the found? How is it related to a codon?
- Where does translation take place in a bacterium? A eukaryote?
- How are amino acids linked?
- What are ribosomes made of? What is their function?
- What is rRNA?
- What is the structure of the ribosome? What does the small subunit do? What does the large subunit do?
- What 3 steps of translation happen at the ribosome?
- What are the 3 steps of the initiation of translation?
- What are the 3 steps of the elongation of translation?
- What are the 3 steps of the termination of translation?
