Chapter 29: Animals - Deuterostomes

1. What do all Deuterostomes share in common?
2. What are the three phyla of the Deuterostomes?
3. Why are Asteroidea (i.e. starfish) considered part of the group Bilateria?
4. What is the body plan of members of the Echinodermata?
5. What is the Echinodermata endoskeleton?
6. What is the Echinodermata water vascular system? What is its function?
7. What are tube feet?
8. What are podia of the Echinodermata?
9. Podia have several various functions. What are they?
10. Starfish extrude their stomach to digest their prey. That is awesome!!!!
11. How do members of Ophiuroidea use cilia?
12. Members of the Crinodea are known by what two common names?
13. How do members of the Crinoidea feed?
14. What characteristics do members of the Asteroidea have in common?
15. Starfish have sex with their arms….weird!!!
16. How do members of the Ophiuroidea feed?
17. What are some common names of members of the Ophiuroidea?
18. What characteristics do members of the Ophiuroidea share in common?
19. What are some common names of members of the Echinoidea?
20. How can you differentiate a sea urchin from a sand dollar?
21. What do sea urchins eat? What do sand dollars eat?
22. What characteristics do members of Holothuroidea share in common?
23. How do members of the holothuroidea eat?
24.  Members of the cepholochordata are known as lancets. From an evolutionary perspective, why are these organisms so important?
25. What physical characteristics do members of the Cephalochordata share? How do they feed?
26. What is a notochord?
27. Do all chordates have a vertebral column?
28. What member of the Chordata has an exoskeleton? What is the exoskeleton called?
29.  What physical characteristics do members of the Urochordata share in common?
30. List two characteristics that all verebrates have in common.
31. What are five of the major innovations in vertebrates in the order that they appear in the fossil record?
32. What were the first four-legged land creatures known as?
33. Why was the amniotic egg so important for the success of animals on land?
34. What is a placenta; and how is it related to the amniotic egg?
35. Two of the most primitive vertebrate groups lack jaws. What are they called?
36. Which of the following is considered by be more evolutionarily advanced: hagfish or lampreys? What is the evidence?
37. What is the differences between hagfish and lampreys?
38. What are some common names of members of the Chondrichthyes?
39. What are the physical similarities among members of Chondrichthyes?
40. What do members of the Gnathostomata all have in common?
41. What characteristics to members of Actinoterygii have in common?
42. What group of vertebrates have the highest species diversity?
43. What do members of Tetrapoda all have in common?
44. What group of organisms are the link between fish and terapods?
45. What is the difference between a lobe-shaped fin and a ray-shape fin?
46. Why are caeclians so strange?
47. What are the characteristics of the members of Amphibia?
48. What types of animals are amphibians?
49. What do mammals, lizards, turtles, and birds have in common that fish, frogs and lampreys don’t share?
50. What are the three characteristics of mammals?
51. Be able to differentiate among the mammalian groups: monotremes, marsupials, and eutherians? Which group do humans belong?
52. What characteristics do members of Reptilia (lizards, turtles, alligators, and birds) have in common?
53. What are members of the Lepidosauria more commonly known as? What are their characteristics?
54. What are members of the Tetsudinia more commonly known as? What are their characteristics?
55. What are members of the Crocodilia more commonly known as? What are their characteristics?
56. Birds are most closely related to what group of Retilia?
57. What are members of the Aves more commonly known as? What are their characteristics?